附LHC简介
LHC上建有四个大型探测器: 紧凑型μ子螺旋磁场探测器（CMS）; 环型LHC实验探测器（ATLAS）;大型离子对撞机实验探测器（ALICE）;LHC上B物理实验探测器（LHCb）
CMS(中国投资占约1%)和ATLAS(中国投资占约0.2%)探测器的主要物理目标是寻找Higgs粒子、研究CP破坏和超对称，CMS预算约4.75亿瑞士法郎，ATLAS预算约4.7亿瑞士法郎。(1瑞士法郎兑换约6元人民币)
ALICE的物理目标是要产生夸克胶子等离子体(QGP)，获得自由的夸克或胶子，研究物质的QGP状态，投资约1.4亿瑞士法郎。
LHCb的物理目标是探索物质和反物质之间微小差别最灵敏的设备，主要研究CP破坏，探测高能区的新物理现象，预算约8600万瑞士法郎。
The Large Hadron Collider
Our understanding of the Universe is about to change...
The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is a gigantic scientific instrument near Geneva, where it spans the border between Switzerland and France about 100 m underground. It is a particle accelerator used by physicists to study the smallest known particles – the fundamental building blocks of all things. It will revolutionise our understanding, from the minuscule world deep within atoms to the vastness of the Universe.
Two beams of subatomic particles called 'hadrons' – either protons or lead ions – will travel in opposite directions inside the circular accelerator, gaining energy with every lap. Physicists will use the LHC to recreate the conditions just after the Big Bang, by colliding the two beams head-on at very high energy. Teams of physicists from around the world will analyse the particles created in the collisions using special detectors in a number of experiments dedicated to the LHC.
There are many theories as to what will result from these collisions, but what's for sure is that a brave new world of physics will emerge from the new accelerator, as knowledge in particle physics goes on to describe the workings of the Universe. For decades, the Standard Model of particle physics has served physicists well as a means of understanding the fundamental laws of Nature, but it does not tell the whole story. Only experimental data using the higher energies reached by the LHC can push knowledge forward, challenging those who seek confirmation of established knowledge, and those who dare to dream beyond the paradigm.
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Post By：2008/10/24 9:01:26
